Propylene glycol, when produced according to the u. Propylene glycol is approved and used as a vehicle for topical, oral and some intravenous pharmaceutical preparations in u. Some types of food products, such as dates, can be prevented from sticking to process machinery by washing them with solutions of propylene glycol. This list of permitted food additives with other accepted uses sets out authorized miscellaneous food additives. It is a colourless as well as an odourless liquid and is easily miscible in water, chloroform and acetone. Chemical and technical assessment cta prepared by jannavi r. Pdf abstract the toxicological profiles of monopropylene glycol mpg, dipropylene glycol dpg.
Food and drug administration considers pg as nontoxic. Utilize propylene glycol for its moisturizing properties. Update to the list of permitted emulsifying, gelling. If you read ingredient lists like me, i hope that doesnt stop at just food. One study using propylene glycol evaluated the reproductive effects of male and female rats over two generations. The us and european food authorities have declared it as generally safe for. Approved additives and e numbers additives and e numbers for colours, preservatives, antioxidants, sweeteners, emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and other types of additives. Propylene glycol is commonly used as a plasticizer in aqueous filmcoating formulations. Propylene glycol article 53 of regulation ec no 7262004 procedure no. We first learned about this ingredient from sean okeefe, phd, a food science professor at virginia tech, in a previous post about fast food. Propylene glycol in medicinal products for children.
Food makers value it for its ability to keep a substance moist, maintain texture, and mix with almost anything oil, alcohol, and water. Food ingredient quality standards whole foods market. Because propylene glycol fluids have low acute oral toxicity, dowfrost propylene glycolbased fluids are often used in applications where contact with food or beverage products could occur. The substances examined are listed in ascending order of their reference number ref no. Food additives legislation applies to all food businesses across the uk.
Propyl gallate is an artificial food additive that is used to preserve food but may present side effects including stomach and skin irritability, allergic reactions, kidney and liver problems. List of permitted food additives with other accepted uses. Because of these properties and because it is generally recognized as safe, it has become a common. Propylene glycol food and agriculture organization. Approved additives and e numbers food standards agency. A synthetic substance produced in industrial quantities, it is a relatively simple organic compound that has the chemical formula c3h8o2. Summary this chemical and technical assessment summarises data and information oncta rosemary extract submitted to.
The fda doesnt regulate cosmetics as rigorously as pharmaceuticals or food allowing companies to get away with using potentially harmful ingredients that are banned in other. This list is incorporated by reference in the marketing authorization for food additives with other accepted uses. It is mainly used in the production of polymers, however, there are some uses of propylene glycol in food processing. Propylene glycol pg is a colorless and odorless liquid chemical used for decades in a wide array of applications. Administration as a direct food additive, and may be found in a variety of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. This guide does not include absolutely everything, but covers the most common ingredients to avoid in processed food. The aim of the use of those food additives is to have a tech nological function in food additives or enzymes or flavourings or nutrients.
Propylene glycol is also used as a major ingredient in electronic cigarettes 20, as a solvent for flavoring compounds in food products 21, and as a solvent for pharmaceuticals which may lower the toxicity threshold of the drug 22. Substances used as food additives are regulated by standard 1. Within this general task the scientific panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food afc evaluated the following substances used in food contact materials. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Abstract the efsa panel on food additives and nutrient sources added to. A transition guide has been created to provide stakeholders with further information on the lists of permitted.
Food and drug administration fda under 21 cfr x184. Propylene glycol is produced using propylene oxide. Propylene glycol is an organic compound with a chemical formula c3h8o2. The assessment considered the toxicological, chemical and technical aspects of propylene glycol mono fatty acid esters when used as requested in the food additive submission. The food and drug administration fda says propylene glycol is generally recognized as safe for use in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Measure the area under all peaks by any convenient means, calculate the normalized area percentage of propylene glycol, and report as weight percentage. All of the glycols are totally miscible with water.
Apr 01, 2019 propylene glycol mono and diesters of fats and fatty acids may be safely used in food, subject to the following prescribed conditions. Scientific opinion on the safety evaluation of the active. There are many definitions out there for natural food products and many opinions on which food additives to avoid. Pdf additives types, sources, functions and regulations. Dec 15, 2014 recently, the ingredient propylene glycol has been in the news. Health canadas food directorate has completed a premarket safety assessment of propylene glycol mono fatty acid esters. Rosemary extract, 82nd jecfachemical and technical. Propylene glycol is also used in cosmetics and in the food industry as a carrier for emulsifiers and as a vehicle for flavors in preference to ethanol, since its lack of volatility provides a more uniform flavor. Propylene glycol is a substance commonly used as a food additive or ingredient in many cosmetic and hygiene products. Food chemicals are nasty, but the skincare and cosmetics industry is even worse. Propylene glycol is fully biodegradable and the products of degradation are less toxic. For these reasons, in this manuscript we investigate the thermal decomposition mechanisms of. Though the usage of the pure chemicals is not considered harmful when used as dietary supplements, little is known about the nature of their thermal degradation products and the impact they may have on human health. The fda has classified propylene glycol as a food additive that is generally recognized as safe 23.
Food additives, toothpastes, mouthwashes, tobacco, lotions, hand sanitizers and saline lotions use propylene alcohol to retain moisture. Among other criteria, we draw a line when it comes to hydrogenated fats, highfructose corn syrup, artificial sweeteners and more than 100 colors, flavors and preservatives commonly found in food. Mechanisms of propylene glycol and triacetin pyrolysis the. This guidance provides information about regulatory requirements that you need to comply with. Propylene glycol used as an excipient emachmp33465520 page 597 while propylene glycol is generally considered safe as a food additive, concerns have been raised repeatedly with regard to potential toxicity of propylene glycol and its acidic metabolites in patients following pharmacologic exposure. It is used to regulate humidity in pipes and cigars to. Agenda items 5a, 5b and 5c crd12 joint faowho food. Propylene glycol alginate is fully biodegradable and the products of degradation are more toxic than the product itself. Schedule 15 substances that may be used as food additives. Propylene glycol can be used to lubricate food packaging machinery.
Well be adding more food additives in coming months and years to keep this list current so that you always have a useful resource to turn to. Pdf the details of the food additive laws, regulations and orders can be obtained from official website of fssai, who, codex alimentarius. Propylene glycol is manufactured by treating propylene with chlorinated water to form the chlorohydrin which is converted to the glycol by treatment with sodium carbonate solution. No adverse effects were observed in the available reproductive and developmental toxicity studies. Additives, menthol, propylene glycol, evolved gas mafiadoc. Propylene glycol is an approved food additive for dog and sugar glider food. Supplement to the 1997 toxicological profile for propylene glycol. Addendum for propylene glycol agency for toxic substances. Jul 31, 2017 propylene glycol is derived from petroleum and is a viscous colorless, odorless substance with a sweet taste. Since propylene glycol has numerous properties potentially beneficial to packaged foods, its use is quite common in food products designed to have a long shelf life. The us and european food authorities have declared it.
Propylene glycol msds manufacturers food additives, food. Mar 02, 2018 propylene glycol is a substance commonly used as a food additive or ingredient in many cosmetic and hygiene products. Adding propylene glycol to cosmetics and medicines will help them retain their moisture content. Okeefe said proplyene glycol is a colorless liquid that posesses a slight sweet taste. As the active system is based on solid ingredients, only migration through the gas phase is expected. Code of federal regulations title 21 food and drug. Schedule 15 substances that may be used as food additives note 1 this instrument is a standard under the food standards australia new zealand act 1991 cth. The food and drug administration fda has classified propylene glycol as an additive that is generally recognized as safe for use in food.
1374 1525 1576 575 992 1246 1048 82 995 1367 1228 21 1465 411 1299 930 589 593 1100 106 1501 248 459 362 976 1497 1046 1160 796 594 146 495 1229 294 74 929 1395 253 1290 807